Alabama Course of Study: Grade 4
Skills available for Alabama Grade 4 math standards
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OA
Operations and Algebraic Thinking
Solve problems with whole numbers using the four operations.
1 Interpret and write equations for multiplicative comparisons.
1 Interpret and write equations for multiplicative comparisons.
2 Solve word problems involving multiplicative comparison using drawings and write equations to represent the problem, using a symbol for the unknown number.
2 Solve word problems involving multiplicative comparison using drawings and write equations to represent the problem, using a symbol for the unknown number.
3 Determine and justify solutions for multi-step word problems, including problems where remainders must be interpreted.
Interpret remainders
Multi-step problems
3 Determine and justify solutions for multi-step word problems, including problems where remainders must be interpreted.
Interpret remainders
Multi-step problems
3.a: Write equations to show solutions for multi-step word problems with a letter standing for the unknown quantity.
3.a: Write equations to show solutions for multi-step word problems with a letter standing for the unknown quantity.
3.b: Determine reasonableness of answers for multi-step word problems, using mental computation and estimation strategies including rounding.
3.b: Determine reasonableness of answers for multi-step word problems, using mental computation and estimation strategies including rounding.
Gain familiarity with factors and multiples.
4 For whole numbers in the range 1 to 100, find all factor pairs, identifying a number as a multiple of each of its factors.
4 For whole numbers in the range 1 to 100, find all factor pairs, identifying a number as a multiple of each of its factors.
4.a: Determine whether a whole number in the range 1 to 100 is a multiple of a given one-digit number.
4.a: Determine whether a whole number in the range 1 to 100 is a multiple of a given one-digit number.
4.b: Determine whether a whole number in the range 1 to 100 is prime or composite.
4.b: Determine whether a whole number in the range 1 to 100 is prime or composite.
Generate and analyze patterns.
5 Generate and analyze a number or shape pattern that follows a given rule.
Make patterns
Identify features of patterns
Analyze patterns
5 Generate and analyze a number or shape pattern that follows a given rule.
Make patterns
Identify features of patterns
Analyze patterns
NBT
Operations with Numbers: Base Ten
Generalize place value understanding for multi-digit whole numbers.
6 Using models and quantitative reasoning, explain that in a multi-digit whole number, a digit in any place represents ten times what it represents in the place to its right.
6 Using models and quantitative reasoning, explain that in a multi-digit whole number, a digit in any place represents ten times what it represents in the place to its right.
7 Read and write multi-digit whole numbers using standard form, word form, and expanded form.
Standard form
Expanded form
Word form
7 Read and write multi-digit whole numbers using standard form, word form, and expanded form.
Standard form
Expanded form
Word form
8 Use place value understanding to compare two multi-digit numbers using >, =, and < symbols.
8 Use place value understanding to compare two multi-digit numbers using >, =, and < symbols.
9 Round multi-digit whole numbers to any place using place value understanding.
Rounding
Estimate sums
Estimate differences
Estimate products
Estimate quotients
Mixed operations
9 Round multi-digit whole numbers to any place using place value understanding.
Rounding
Estimate sums
Estimate differences
Estimate products
Estimate quotients
Mixed operations
Use place value understanding and properties of operations to perform multi-digit arithmetic with whole numbers.
10 Use place value strategies to fluently add and subtract multi-digit whole numbers and connect strategies to the standard algorithm.
Addition
Subtraction
Mixed operations
10 Use place value strategies to fluently add and subtract multi-digit whole numbers and connect strategies to the standard algorithm.
Addition
Subtraction
Mixed operations
11 Find the product of two factors (up to four digits by a one-digit number and two two-digit numbers), using strategies based on place value and the properties of operations.
11 Find the product of two factors (up to four digits by a one-digit number and two two-digit numbers), using strategies based on place value and the properties of operations.
11.a: Illustrate and explain the product of two factors using equations, rectangular arrays, and area models.
Multiplication facts
Multiply 1-digit numbers using models
Multiply 1-digit numbers
Multiply 2-digit numbers using models
Multiply 2-digit numbers
Place value strategies
Properties of multiplication
11.a: Illustrate and explain the product of two factors using equations, rectangular arrays, and area models.
Multiplication facts
Multiply 1-digit numbers using models
Multiply 1-digit numbers
Multiply 2-digit numbers using models
Multiply 2-digit numbers
Place value strategies
Properties of multiplication
12 Use strategies based on place value, properties of operations, and/or the relationship between multiplication and division to find whole-number quotients and remainders with one-digit divisors and up to four-digit dividends.
12 Use strategies based on place value, properties of operations, and/or the relationship between multiplication and division to find whole-number quotients and remainders with one-digit divisors and up to four-digit dividends.
12.a: Illustrate and/or explain quotients using equations, rectangular arrays, and/or area models.
Divide 2-digit numbers
Divide larger numbers
Place value strategies
Properties of division
12.a: Illustrate and/or explain quotients using equations, rectangular arrays, and/or area models.
Divide 2-digit numbers
Divide larger numbers
Place value strategies
Properties of division
NF
Operations with Numbers: Fractions
Extend understanding of fraction equivalence and ordering.
13 Using area and length fraction models, explain why one fraction is equivalent to another, taking into account that the number and size of the parts differ even though the two fractions themselves are the same size.
13 Using area and length fraction models, explain why one fraction is equivalent to another, taking into account that the number and size of the parts differ even though the two fractions themselves are the same size.
13.a: Apply principles of fraction equivalence to recognize and generate equivalent fractions.
13.a: Apply principles of fraction equivalence to recognize and generate equivalent fractions.
14 Compare two fractions with different numerators and different denominators using concrete models, benchmarks (0, 1/2, 1), common denominators, and/or common numerators, recording the comparisons with symbols >, =, or <, and justifying the conclusions.
Models
Benchmark fractions
Compare fractions
14 Compare two fractions with different numerators and different denominators using concrete models, benchmarks (0, 1/2, 1), common denominators, and/or common numerators, recording the comparisons with symbols >, =, or <, and justifying the conclusions.
Models
Benchmark fractions
Compare fractions
14.a: Explain that comparison of two fractions is valid only when the two fractions refer to the same whole.
14.a: Explain that comparison of two fractions is valid only when the two fractions refer to the same whole.
Build fractions from unit fractions by applying and extending previous understandings of operations on whole numbers.
15 Model and justify decompositions of fractions and explain addition and subtraction of fractions as joining or separating parts referring to the same whole.
15 Model and justify decompositions of fractions and explain addition and subtraction of fractions as joining or separating parts referring to the same whole.
15.a: Decompose a fraction as a sum of unit fractions and as a sum of fractions with the same denominator in more than one way using area models, length models, and equations.
15.a: Decompose a fraction as a sum of unit fractions and as a sum of fractions with the same denominator in more than one way using area models, length models, and equations.
15.b: Add and subtract fractions and mixed numbers with like denominators using fraction equivalence, properties of operations, and the relationship between addition and subtraction.
Add fractions
Subtract fractions
Add and subtract fractions
Add and subtract mixed numbers
15.b: Add and subtract fractions and mixed numbers with like denominators using fraction equivalence, properties of operations, and the relationship between addition and subtraction.
Add fractions
Subtract fractions
Add and subtract fractions
Add and subtract mixed numbers
15.c: Solve word problems involving addition and subtraction of fractions and mixed numbers having like denominators, using drawings, visual fraction models, and equations to represent the problem.
15.c: Solve word problems involving addition and subtraction of fractions and mixed numbers having like denominators, using drawings, visual fraction models, and equations to represent the problem.
16 Apply and extend previous understandings of multiplication to multiply a whole number times a fraction.
16 Apply and extend previous understandings of multiplication to multiply a whole number times a fraction.
16.a: Model and explain how a non-unit fraction can be represented by a whole number times the unit fraction.
16.a: Model and explain how a non-unit fraction can be represented by a whole number times the unit fraction.
16.b: Extend previous understanding of multiplication to multiply a whole number times any fraction less than one.
Multiply with models
Multiply without models
16.b: Extend previous understanding of multiplication to multiply a whole number times any fraction less than one.
Multiply with models
Multiply without models
16.c: Solve word problems involving multiplying a whole number times a fraction using visual fraction models and equations to represent the problem.
16.c: Solve word problems involving multiplying a whole number times a fraction using visual fraction models and equations to represent the problem.
Understand decimal notation for fractions, and compare decimal fractions.
17 Express, model, and explain the equivalence between fractions with denominators of 10 and 100.
17 Express, model, and explain the equivalence between fractions with denominators of 10 and 100.
17.a: Use fraction equivalency to add two fractions with denominators of 10 and 100.
17.a: Use fraction equivalency to add two fractions with denominators of 10 and 100.
18 Use models and decimal notation to represent fractions with denominators of 10 and 100.
18 Use models and decimal notation to represent fractions with denominators of 10 and 100.
19 Use visual models and reasoning to compare two decimals to hundredths (referring to the same whole), recording comparisons using symbols >, =, or <, and justifying the conclusions.
19 Use visual models and reasoning to compare two decimals to hundredths (referring to the same whole), recording comparisons using symbols >, =, or <, and justifying the conclusions.
DA
Data Analysis
Represent and interpret data.
20 Interpret data in graphs (picture, bar, and line plots) to solve problems using numbers and operations.
20 Interpret data in graphs (picture, bar, and line plots) to solve problems using numbers and operations.
20.a: Create a line plot to display a data set of measurements in fractions of a unit (1/2, 1/4, 1/8).
20.a: Create a line plot to display a data set of measurements in fractions of a unit (1/2, 1/4, 1/8).
20.b: Solve problems involving addition and subtraction of fractions using information presented in line plots.
20.b: Solve problems involving addition and subtraction of fractions using information presented in line plots.
M
Measurement
Solve problems involving measurement and conversion of measurements from a larger unit to a smaller unit.
21 Select and use an appropriate unit of measurement for a given attribute (length, mass, liquid volume, time) within one system of units: metric - km, m, cm; kg, g, l, ml; customary - lb, oz; time - hr, min, sec.
21 Select and use an appropriate unit of measurement for a given attribute (length, mass, liquid volume, time) within one system of units: metric - km, m, cm; kg, g, l, ml; customary - lb, oz; time - hr, min, sec.
21.a: Within one system of units, express measurements of a larger unit in terms of a smaller unit. Record measurement equivalents in a two-column table.
Customary units
Metric units
Time units
21.a: Within one system of units, express measurements of a larger unit in terms of a smaller unit. Record measurement equivalents in a two-column table.
Customary units
Metric units
Time units
22 Use the four operations to solve measurement word problems with distance, intervals of time, liquid volume, mass of objects, and money.
22 Use the four operations to solve measurement word problems with distance, intervals of time, liquid volume, mass of objects, and money.
22.a: Solve measurement problems involving simple fractions or decimals.
Fractions
Decimals
22.a: Solve measurement problems involving simple fractions or decimals.
Fractions
Decimals
22.b: Solve measurement problems that require expressing measurements given in a larger unit in terms of a smaller unit.
Customary units
Time
22.b: Solve measurement problems that require expressing measurements given in a larger unit in terms of a smaller unit.
Customary units
Time
22.c: Represent measurement quantities using diagrams such as number line diagrams that feature a measurement scale.
22.c: Represent measurement quantities using diagrams such as number line diagrams that feature a measurement scale.
23 Apply area and perimeter formulas for rectangles in real-world and mathematical situations.
Perimeter
Area
Area and perimeter
23 Apply area and perimeter formulas for rectangles in real-world and mathematical situations.
Perimeter
Area
Area and perimeter
Geometric measurement: understand concepts of angle and measure angles.
24 Identify an angle as a geometric shape formed wherever two rays share a common endpoint.
24 Identify an angle as a geometric shape formed wherever two rays share a common endpoint.
25 Use a protractor to measure angles in whole-number degrees and sketch angles of specified measure.
25 Use a protractor to measure angles in whole-number degrees and sketch angles of specified measure.
26 Decompose an angle into non-overlapping parts to demonstrate that the angle measure of the whole is the sum of the angle measures of the parts.
26 Decompose an angle into non-overlapping parts to demonstrate that the angle measure of the whole is the sum of the angle measures of the parts.
26.a: Solve addition and subtraction problems on a diagram to find unknown angles in real-world or mathematical problems.
26.a: Solve addition and subtraction problems on a diagram to find unknown angles in real-world or mathematical problems.
G
Geometry
Draw and identify lines and angles, and identify shapes by properties of their lines and angles.
27 Draw points, lines, line segments, rays, angles (right, acute, obtuse), and perpendicular and parallel lines, and identify these in two-dimensional figures.
Parallel, perpendicular, and intersecting lines
Points, lines, and angles
Two-dimensional figures
27 Draw points, lines, line segments, rays, angles (right, acute, obtuse), and perpendicular and parallel lines, and identify these in two-dimensional figures.
Parallel, perpendicular, and intersecting lines
Points, lines, and angles
Two-dimensional figures
28 Identify two-dimensional figures based on the presence or absence of parallel or perpendicular lines or the presence or absence of angles of a specified size.
Identify triangles
Identify quadrilaterals
Describe quadrilaterals
28 Identify two-dimensional figures based on the presence or absence of parallel or perpendicular lines or the presence or absence of angles of a specified size.
Identify triangles
Identify quadrilaterals
Describe quadrilaterals
28.a: Describe right triangles as a category, and identify right triangles.
28.a: Describe right triangles as a category, and identify right triangles.
29 Define a line of symmetry for a two-dimensional figure as a line across the figure such that the figure can be folded along the line into matching parts.
29 Define a line of symmetry for a two-dimensional figure as a line across the figure such that the figure can be folded along the line into matching parts.
29.a: Identify line-symmetric figures and draw lines of symmetry.
29.a: Identify line-symmetric figures and draw lines of symmetry.